Molecule found in the outer cell walls of some bacteria that trigger the immune response resulting in fever. Also referred to as pyrogens or as endotoxins, though, strictly speaking, they are not endotoxins but predominant components of endotoxins produced by gram-negative bacteria. Common cause of pyrogenic reactions in parenteral products.
LRD
Laboratory Raw Data
LRV
Log Reduction Value
LS
Light Scattering (static or dynamic)
LSI
Large Scale Integration
LUST
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
LV
Low Voltage
LVP
Large Volume Parenteral
Lymphocyte
A type of white blood cell accounting for 20-25% of the white cells in humans. They are mostly non-phagocytic and actively mobile and are continuously made in the bone marrow. They are the immediate precursors of all antibody-forming cells.
Lymphokine
A class of soluble proteins produced by white blood cells that plat a role, as yet not fully understood, in the immune response.
Lymphoma
Cancer originating in the lymph nodes, spleen and other lympho-reticular sites.
LYO
Lyophilizer (freeze dryer)
Lyophilization
The creation of a solid from a liquid by means of freezing, sublimation, and desorption.
Lyophilization
Also known as freeze drying, it is a means of stabilizing wet substances by freezing them, then evaporating the resulting ice, to leave a substantially dry, porous residue which has the same size and shape of the original frozen mass.
Lyophilizer
A freeze dryer.
Lysate
A product of lysis that is the disintegration or dissolution of the cell walls.
Lysed-cell Slurry
A solution of the debris caused by disintegrating, broken cells.
Lysine
An essential, basic amino acid obtained from many proteins by hydrolysis.
Lysis
The dissolution or destruction of red blood cells, bacteria, or other antigens by a specific lysin (antibody), or by the action of detergents, thus allowing the cell contents to escape.
Lysosome
A membrane-surrounded organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells; it contains many hydrolytic enzymes and is responsible for degrading proteins and other materials ingested by the cell.
Lytic
A phase of the virus life cycle during which the virus replicates within the host cell, releasing a new generation of viruses when the infected cell lyses.